The Major Components of Bioethics in Healthcare

Provision of quality healthcare is paramount for a healthy and productive population. The field of medicine has well outlined principles and standards that are expected of all the professionals and specialists in the healthcare sector. In the United States, a significant percentage of the healthcare industry is under private operators (Boyle, 2001). The nature of services as well as how they are offered become of much interest for everyone in order to avoid any instances of unethical practices in the name of healthcare.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Major Components of Bioethics in Healthcare specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More All medical professionals should uphold their commitment to adhere to the ethical obligations and values as provided in the course of their training. The essay discusses some of the major components of bioethics in healthcare. It gives examples in clinical practices that may be viewed a s unethical with reference to the current nursing standards. Ethics entails the enhancement of right actions and good things by members of any given profession. It basically refers to the standards and actions that are expected of a group as provided in the profession’s code of ethical conduct. These actions are usually stipulated in the code of ethics for any given field although some may be at a personal level or unwritten (Morrison Monagle, 2009). Ethical concerns in healthcare have been in existence for a considerably long period of time. Ethics in healthcare may be regarded as social ethics due to the fact that it is generally based on an enduring ideal of committed service. The first component of ethics in healthcare, just like in any other science, is beneficence. It refers to the physician’s discretion in handling the patient. This component obliges medical experts to make informed judgments as far as treatment of a patient is concerned (Drane, 2004). The prof essionals are expected â€Å"to help and not to harm† by making value judgments. Physician beneficence has been in existence for a long time now but of late it has been challenged by the coming into effect of new ethical concerns in the medical field, especially in America. Under this component, a physician should make value judgments about the patient in the course of treatment and not just relying solely on scientifically determined judgments (Morrison Monagle, 2009). For instance, in the current nursing standards, a physician should not recommend treatment that will be harmful, risky or useless for the patient regardless of whether the patient â€Å"asked for it† or the physician decided so.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The second component is patient autonomy which refers to the right of a patient to give an informed consent in the course of treatment (Dra ne, 2004). In essence, it entails the right to refuse a given form of treatment and, on the other hand, the right to demand a treatment from among the options justifiable in the medical profession. This component has over the past three decades become a threat to physician beneficence. However, the physician’s professional training in ethics limits the right of a patient to demand or refuse a given form of medically justifiable treatment option especially where patient competence is an issue (Beauchamp, 1999). For instance, it would be unethical for a physician to impose a treatment that, in respect to the patient’s values, is highly risky, shameful, burdensome, painful or extremely costly. However, it would also be unethical if a physician obliges to a patient’s refusal of ordinary treatment particularly if their refusal may result in serious health problems or even death. The third component of ethics is justice. It refers to the equitable distribution of reso urces in the healthcare industry (Drane, 2004). There are two distinct parts of this principle; the first is individual justice where each patient is entitled to their own justice in the course of treatment while the second is distributive justice where physicians are obliged to address the needs of a larger group of people for the common good (Beauchamp, 1999). These two sub-components have always been in conflict due to clashing interests in the distribution of resources. It would be unethical, for example, to take generalized options that would jeopardize individual interests and vise versa. The last component in bioethics is non-maleficence which is closely related with beneficence. Under this principle, physicians are obliged to make effort not to harm the patient in the course of treatment (Drane, 2004). It is guided by the traditional call upon medical practitioners to â€Å"first do no harm†. This component, however, may be viewed as being in conflict with that of ben eficence. For instance, it would be unethical for a physician to choose to do nothing in order to avoid harming the patient. This is because good/beneficial actions that may be risky within acceptable limits for the patient will have been left out hence escalating the problem.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Major Components of Bioethics in Healthcare specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Beauchamp, G. R. (1999). â€Å"The correct application of ethical components to resolve issues in values.† Journal of Medical Science, 1 (2): 40-42 Boyle, P. (2001). Ethics in healthcare: principles, cases, and pragmatic solutions. John Wiley and Sons Drane, J. F. (2004). Understanding clinical bioethics: theory and practice in medical  decision-making (3rd ed). Rowman Littlefield Morrison, E. E. Monagle, J. F. (2009). A handbook of healthcare ethics: issues for the  21st century (2nd ed). Jones Bartlett Learning This essay on The Major Components of Bioethics in Healthcare was written and submitted by user Darwin Hahn to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

frederick douglass character sketch essays

frederick douglass character sketch essays Frederick Douglass personality is shown in a few different ways in The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. His book was an in-depth look into the life of a slave in the mid 1800s. It helped people get a better view of how slaves were treated, on gave fuel to the Abolitionist fire. Frederick Douglass Narrative was a first person historical account of slavery. Since it is an account written by him, it helps us today to see slavery without exaggeration or Government re-written history books. This book is also a documentation of Douglass life. So it gives us a good look at Douglass thoughts, feeling, and personality. Frederick Douglass character is comprised mainly of his independence, his perseverance, and his intelligence. Throughout the book, Frederick Douglass shows himself to be independent. Young Frederick took it upon himself to learn how to read. Even though he received help from the local childrens books, he really did the teaching himself, which is something that he couldnt do unless he had independence. When Douglass got into the fight at the docks, he took on the whole group alone. Had he gotten the help of other slaves there, he might not have been hurt so horribly. The book, of course, leads to his literal independence: his escape from slavery. Douglass whole life leads up to his escape, from he day he learns to read until the fight with Mr. Covey. Throughout his life, Douglass acted independently, but it was his perseverance that was a big factor in his escape. Perseverance was another one of Douglass good character building qualities. Even as he was independently learning to read, he had to persevere to make sure that he actually did. Since he could only get lessons during his free time, it took him awhile to learn to read; so if he hadnt persevered throughout this period, h ...

How to Read a Lot of Dry Text Quickly

How to Read a Lot of Dry Text Quickly Dry text is a term used to describe text that might be boring, long-winded, or written purely for academic value rather than entertainment value. You can often find dry text in textbooks, case studies, business reports, financial analysis reports, etc. In other words, dry text appears in many of the documents you will need to read and study while you are pursuing a business degree.   You may have to read dozens of textbooks and hundreds of case studies while enrolled in business school. To stand any chance of getting through all of your required reading, you will need to learn how to read a lot of dry text quickly and efficiently.  In this article, were going to take a look at a few tricks and methods that will help you wade through all of your required reading. Find a Good Place to Read Although it is possible to read almost anywhere, your reading environment can have a huge impact on how much text you cover and how much information you retain. The best reading places are well-lit, quiet, and offer a comfortable place to sit. The environment should also be free of distractions- human or otherwise. Use the SQ3R Method of Reading The Survey, Question, Read, Review and Recite (SQ3R)  method of reading is one of the most commonly used approaches to reading. To use the SQ3R method of reading, follow these five simple steps: Survey - Scan the material before you actually begin reading. Pay special attention to titles, headings, bold or italicized words, chapter summaries, diagrams, and pictures with captions.Question - As you read, you should constantly ask yourself what the key takeaway point is.Read - Read what you need to read, but focus on comprehending the material. Seek the facts and write information down as you learn.Review - Review what you have learned when you finish reading. Look at your notes, chapter summaries, or things you have written in the margin and then reflect on key concepts.Recite - Recite what you have learned aloud in your own words until you are confident that you understand the material and could explain it to someone else. Learn to Speed Read Speed reading is a great way to get through a lot of dry text quickly. However, it is important to remember that the goal of speed reading involves more than just reading fast- you need to be able to comprehend and retain what you are reading. You can study speed reading techniques online to learn exactly how its done. There are also a number of speed reading books on the market that can teach you various methods. Focus on Recall, Not Reading Sometimes, reading every assignment just isnt possible no matter how hard you try. Dont worry if you find yourself in this predicament. Reading every word isnt necessary. Whats important is that you are able to recall the most important information. Keep in mind that memory is highly visual. If you can create a mental memory tree, it may be easier for you to visualize and later recall facts, statistics, and other key information that you need to remember for class assignments, discussions, and tests. Get more tips on how to remember facts and information.   Read Backwards Starting at the beginning of a textbook chapter  isnt always the best idea. You are better off flipping to the end of the chapter where you will usually find a summary of key concepts, a list of vocabulary terms, and a list of questions that cover main ideas from the chapter. Reading this end section first will make it easier for you to locate and focus on the important topics when you read the rest of the chapter.

The Strategy Behind the Brand Building Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Strategy Behind the Brand Building - Essay Example aining attention from the increased inconsistency associated with brand planning, strategizing, and aligning processes, which result in a brand failing quickly after its launch. The study identifies the major components associated with brand identity, i.e. brand strategy attributes, brand identity elements, the target audience, and brand applications, and converts them into a visual branding tree by explaining the brand identity process and design procedure. This is invaluable to designers, marketers, researchers, and brand supervisors. It may possibly save time and money in the long run, not to mention keeping all the elements consistent with the brand management process. The brand building process is something that every business must go through to determine how to market its markets and who to. Understanding the consumer market goes a long way in deciding how a company will perform in the long run. This study is important because inconsistent brand building can sometimes confuse the audience, resulting in lost revenue and profit. The target audience should have an emotional bond and sense of belonging, which results in customer appreciation and thus customer loyalty. A brand should be presented consistently across all applications. The only way to ensure this is through comprehensive brand identity standards or systems that are easy to understand and available through both print and Web-based sources. The brand building process can often result in success for a brand. This will attract a broader customer base, and brand managers, designers, and marketers will have less confusion in the brand building

China sweat factories pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

China sweat factories pollution - Essay Example The thesis statement of this paper is: Sweatshops in China are unethical because they are causing severe pollution and are destroying the environments surrounding the country. A sweatshop is basically a factory in the clothing industry, in which working conditions are poor and which violates the labor laws as defined by the legislature of the country. Poor working conditions may include unfair wages, child labor, lack of incentives given to the workers, perverse working hours, issues such as sexual or gender harassment, or any other kind of high degree exploitation of workers. Sweatshops even do not provide living wage to the workers, which is required to cover the basic needs of food, clothing and shelter. Workers work more than 60 hours per week. The workplace environment of sweatshops is a great stressor for workers. Harassment, intimidation, verbal abuse, and forceful work are important aspects of sweatshops. For example, workers are made to work with dangerous chemicals bare-handed. Developing or under-developed countries have the highest rate of child labor coming out of sweatshops that tend to produce a variety of products, such as clothing, shoes, toys, car gadgets, rugs, carpets, and eatables like chocolate and coffee. Sweatshops in China tend to pollute the air. There are a myriad of reasons behind this. Sweatshops discharge waste materials and toxic chemicals into the air and water. For instance, tons of dyes are discharged into water that causes various diseases. There are a number of sweatshops in China that are responsible for adverse environmental practices that are dangerous to health of workers working in the supplier plants. For example, Foxconn and Lian Jian Technology are some of the Chinese suppliers that work for Apple. These factories regularly violate China’s Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases, according to which factories found indulged in

Programming and Commercial Effects on Children Essay Example for Free

Programming and Commercial Effects on Children Essay Many parents are not aware that commercial programming can have the same effect on childs cognitive learning as the programming the children are watching. The Merriman-Webster (2012) dictionary defines cognitive as, Of relating to, being, or involving conscious intellectual activity (as thinking, reasoning, or remembering). Research has been done on childrens programming as well as commercial television to show the effects on todays youth. Even though suggestive adult humor can be found in childrens programming, the impact commercials have toward children is just as important to watch. Television can provide opportunity for children to learn however it should not be a teacher or babysitter for todays youth. Questions like, If a program is scheduled at all hours of the day and into the night, does this make it appropriate for younger children to watch? should be just one of the many parents should ask when allowing children to watch specific television programming. Intentional or not, programmers use television to influence todays youth. With todays ability to view childrens programming on a multitude of different stations and different channels for each station, it is amazing on how much of todays programming for young children have hidden layers of adult humor. Television writers put subtle instances of adult humor in to childrens programming which allows for them to draw in ratings from a wider range of viewers. Rice (2009) conducted a study on popular childrens cartoon SpongeBob SquarePants in which it states the show is directed toward an age group of approximately 2 to 11 year olds, however research shows that it has a variety of audiences in all age groups. Nearly a quarter (22%) of the viewers ranged from ages 18 to 49. Along with this research, Rice also notes on the schedule of the show to emphasize how it is directed toward a large range of viewers. The show was slotted to air between early morning hours to even later hours, up until close to midnight which by then most of the targeted age group would ave been in bed for a few hours by the time of airing. Rice also recorded subject analysis data for several age groups. In information collected from high school students, the majority of them seem to identify with the shows side kick known as Patrick Star. A large majority of respondents say they watch the show because it is funny, entertaining, and hilarious (Rice, 2009, paragraph, 46). On the other hand, when college students were polled they more or less chose to watch because it helped them unwind from a stressful day, possibly like a treat for their bran after a hard day of class work. If a show that is targeted for a much younger age group has a relaxing type of effect, it would be interesting to see how it influences the target age group. When childrens programming is actually aimed towards a large range of viewers how adults choose what their children should watch could have an important impact on how they develop. In recent, years television networks an writers have taken a more proactive approach in educating youth through television programming. Some of this can be seen by the creation of junior channels. Channels like Nick Jr. or Disney Jr. ave created programming geared toward preschoolers and toddlers that use colors and characters to peak their interests. One of the more influential television stations that support child develop has been the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). PBS has had constant influence in child development with shows like Sesame Street and Barney Friends and now offer new programming like Bob the Builder, Teletubbies and Thomas Friends. These shows focus on learning in the early stages of a preschoolers development by reaching the alphabet, numbers, dancing, singing and even emotional responses. According to The Journal of Media Literacy (2012), To capture and hold viewer attention, each Dora episode features a linear narrative shaped around a high-stakes adventure with serious consequences. It calls upon viewers to interact with the television to help Dora overcome a series of structured challenges. When children hear that they did a good job or a positive response, they tend to want to interact more and thus keeps them interested in the programming. Along with current programming on television, networks have started developing DVDs to sell to parents when current programming might not peak a childs interests. Big Companies like Disney, the Brainy Baby Company and Sesame Workshop have started developing age specific programming. When a large company starts to invest in developmental programming, it gives a better sense of satisfaction as the brand is well known. DVD series like Baby Einstein, Brainy Baby and Sesame Beginnings all have their own niche and targeted age range however all promote development and learning. Kikorian, Wartella, and Anderson (2008) state shows like Baby Einstein target viewers from as young as one month old and covers a wide range of topics such as music, art, language and poetry while Sesame Beginnings targets children starting at six months of age. This show features younger versions of the Muppets of Sesame Street and promote interaction between children and their caregivers. Kikoran et al. (2008) also discussed the unique effect of television on children under the age of two and suggests that some research shows that exposure to television during the first few years of life may be associated with poorer cognitive development. This question could be geared toward the overall television experience which includes commercials and the actual programming. With the importance of what is appropriate for children to watch in television, parents seem to be more concerned with actual programming then what is played in between. However, studies have shown that these commercials can be just as influential to our youth. With promotion of movie trailers, current television shows and video games violence is in pure view for children to see and it is less monitored then the actual program. In order to track this data, the authors in an article in the Journal of Advertising had to define how children and their parents viewed violence. For the children defining violence was much more broad as one child responded with, Violent is fighting with weapons, with swords, blood, and gore and another stated, Violence is bleeding really bad. Sometimes its when somebody falls down and theyre scratched or bleeding really bad (Brocato et al. 2010). Parents were more unified with defining violence with violence consisting of blood, gore and death. Children seem to think that it is the mother that stresses the importance of them not watching while the fathers feel it is alright as long as they are watching it with them. Both parents shared a common theme in that the commercials are not the issue but the actual programming. Parents also shared that by being present they could address sensitive issues like violence when it happens. Reading through the study it was surprising to see possible limitations that could have address more issues. Parents could have been asked while being present when the issue arose how did the child react to the situation. Another question that might have been asked is how did the child react to the actual discussion about the topic. Was the child more interested in the programming or on what the parents had to say. Ultimately the article had a good basis for what were the more glaring issues and how both the parents and children valued what was played in commercials. Intentional or not, programmers use television to influence todays youth. This could be from how they act from watching their favorite television program, to desiring a new toy or video game that was currently seen on a commercial. Parents should take the time to watch what their children are watching. One way to see how a childs favorite program can affect them is to watch the program without the child and then with the child. When watched alone write down instances that might be inappropriate or that draw questions. As the child sits through the program watch how they react to certain situation and then discuss with them on what is positive and what is negative. With correct supervision and discussions, parents have the ability to be a part of the education process with todays youth.

Essay --

Econ 157 Health Economics Aram Cherkezyan Analytical Policy Write-Up Assignment 1 Affordable Health Care (ACA) In last few decades Health care sector many times helped to drag the economy from recession. However in last two years health care spending grew more slowly than the economy, and most probably it will repeat this year. Ongoing debates during last week continued about the pros and cons of Affordable Care Act and whether it will help the economy or not. Affordable Health Care plays a huge and a very important role in current US economy and particularly on employment, that is why I decided to focus my writing on Affected Health care and its consequences on US labor economy. The opponents of Affordable Care Act (ACA) claim that the Act will significantly worsen an economic condition in the country. However, in this write-up I’m going to focus on the advantages of Affordable Health Care and write only positive aspects of it. Congressional Budget Office (CBO) presents six ways that the ACA is helping the labor market, laying the foundation for future economic growth, and improving families’ financial security and well-being. I am going to provide an explanation for the most important points. First of all, preventing the growth of health care costs will decrease unemployment in near future. Currently United States has an unprecedented slowdown in the growth of healthcare (the lowest growth in the history during last three years), thus it will reduce the insurance premium costs for employers. Furthermore, employers will be able to hire more workers as soon as health care premium costs going to be smaller. Slower growth in health care costs reduces the growth of the health insurance premiums paid by employers, which has i... ...ty. Fifth and last point is the reduction in the long-term deficit and the foundation for future growth. ACA will reduce the deficit by about $10o billion and the ACA’s deficit-reducing effects will increase over time. CBO guesses that over the next two decades, the ACA will reduce the deficit by an average of 0.5 percent of GDP each year, thus reducing approximately $1.6 between 2022 and 2032. The decrease in long-term deficit will increase national savings, reducing foreign borrowing thus increasing national income. These factors will improve standards of living in the future. Relaying on these five major points I believe that Affordable Healthcare Act may shave a positive effect on US economy, improve health condition of low-income families, increase demand for goods and services, reduce foreign borrowing and decrease an unemployment rate in the United States. Essay -- Econ 157 Health Economics Aram Cherkezyan Analytical Policy Write-Up Assignment 1 Affordable Health Care (ACA) In last few decades Health care sector many times helped to drag the economy from recession. However in last two years health care spending grew more slowly than the economy, and most probably it will repeat this year. Ongoing debates during last week continued about the pros and cons of Affordable Care Act and whether it will help the economy or not. Affordable Health Care plays a huge and a very important role in current US economy and particularly on employment, that is why I decided to focus my writing on Affected Health care and its consequences on US labor economy. The opponents of Affordable Care Act (ACA) claim that the Act will significantly worsen an economic condition in the country. However, in this write-up I’m going to focus on the advantages of Affordable Health Care and write only positive aspects of it. Congressional Budget Office (CBO) presents six ways that the ACA is helping the labor market, laying the foundation for future economic growth, and improving families’ financial security and well-being. I am going to provide an explanation for the most important points. First of all, preventing the growth of health care costs will decrease unemployment in near future. Currently United States has an unprecedented slowdown in the growth of healthcare (the lowest growth in the history during last three years), thus it will reduce the insurance premium costs for employers. Furthermore, employers will be able to hire more workers as soon as health care premium costs going to be smaller. Slower growth in health care costs reduces the growth of the health insurance premiums paid by employers, which has i... ...ty. Fifth and last point is the reduction in the long-term deficit and the foundation for future growth. ACA will reduce the deficit by about $10o billion and the ACA’s deficit-reducing effects will increase over time. CBO guesses that over the next two decades, the ACA will reduce the deficit by an average of 0.5 percent of GDP each year, thus reducing approximately $1.6 between 2022 and 2032. The decrease in long-term deficit will increase national savings, reducing foreign borrowing thus increasing national income. These factors will improve standards of living in the future. Relaying on these five major points I believe that Affordable Healthcare Act may shave a positive effect on US economy, improve health condition of low-income families, increase demand for goods and services, reduce foreign borrowing and decrease an unemployment rate in the United States.

Biography of Malcolm Knowles Essay

Introduction One cannot mention Adult Education without making reference to the internationally reputable adult educationist by the name of Malcolm Shepherd Knowles. Malcolm is renowned for leading both as an academician and practitioner who played a crucial role in the development and the application of adult learning across the globe (George, 2011). Background Malcolm Shepherded Knowles was born in August 24, 1913 in Livingstone, Montana. His parents were Dr. and Mrs. Dr. A. D. Knowles. He loved to participate in sports and outdoor activities from an early age. In addition to this, he was an avid scout during his youthful years. He was also an academically astute student. This was made evident when he graduated at the top of his class from the Palm Beach High School in 1930. Consequently, he was admitted to the distinguished Harvard University where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1934. During his stay at this prestigious institution, he took courses in philosophy, literature, history, political science, ethics and international law (George, 2011). He was also fascinated with extracurricular activities. This made him to be appointed the president of the Harvard Liberal Club, general secretary of the New England Model League of Nations, and President of the Phillips Brooks House. His involvement in voluntary service for the latter got him working with boys club and this formed a crucial platform for his fruitful career in adult education and social service. Career Malcolm Knowles went on to work with the National Youth Administration in Massachusetts where he was responsible for establishing the skills requirements for local employers and establish a course for the entire study body and teach those skills to the young people. In the course of this work he met Professor Eduard Lindeman who went on to become Malcolm’s mentor in adult education. As he continued in this work he married Hulda Fornell whom he had met at Harvard. In 1940, he assumed the role of Director of Adult Education. This enabled him to set up an association school for adults at the Boston YMCA. It is from this position that he was drafted into the Second World War in 1943. In 1946, he took the position of Director of Adult Education at the YMCA. He proceeded to pursue his Master’s degree in Arts at the University of Chicago and graduated in 1949. Under the mentorship of Cyril O. Houle he became executive director of the Adult Education Association of the USA which had been newly formed. He joined the Boston University in 1959 as an associate professor. During this time, he was very instrumental in launching a new graduate program in the field of adult education. He later joined the Fielding Graduate University in Massachusetts where he continued to teach until his retirement in 1979 (George, 2011). Despite the fact that he had retired, Knowles had already achieved his PhD continued to be involved in the field of Adult Education. During this time he became a Professor Emeritus at the North Carolina State University where he continued to write books and articles regarding adult education. Dr. Knowles passed away on Thanksgiving Day in 1997 at his home in Fayetteville, Arkansas due to stroke. Malcolm Knowles’s Contributions Malcolm’s contributions in education can never go unmentioned in especially in the field of adult education. He created a model which is still in use today in the field of adult education. This was the theory of andragogy. This theory was based on the differences in the learning styles between the children and the adults. This theory was developed after a thorough study of humanistic clinical psychology and the relationships which were derived from it. Thus, this theory was based on five basic assumptions about the features of adult learners (Malcolm, 1950). These features brought out a very different view from the features which were observed in children. These features included the following aspects (Malcolm, 1950); the self-concept; which is a person usually, matures over time from possessing a dependent personality towards one of being a self-directed one. Experience; this is the second feature which usually brings with it a huge amount of experience that an individual has gained over time. Readiness to learn; the primary motivation for a person’s readiness to earn may change from being one of eagerness of knowledge in his youth to one of eagerness to develop their social standing. Lastly, orientation to learning, as a person matures, his perspective of problems and urgencies shift to one of a frantic nature. Thus a person starts focusing more on his problems than the subject of his problems. Dr. Malcolm grounded the concept of adult education by bringing on board the principle of Adult Education. This came to the fore as part o his Master’s thesis as he was searching for a ‘coherent and comprehensive theory of adult learning’ when he hit upon the informal theory of adult education. He held the opinion that an organized course was usually better for new learning of an intensive nature while an informal association or club provided the best opportunity for practicing and refining the things which were taught (Malcolm, 1950). Dr. Malcolm spent a further fourteen years producing major texts in the field of adult education. His works include the Modern Practice of Adult Education (1970) and The Adult Learner (1973). These texts help to establish him as a central figure in adult education in the United States of America. Through them, the theory of andragogy was further popularized. He also recognized the value and the importance of learning communication skills. This is because he believed that humans have to interact with each other on a daily basis, therefore the knowledge of communication should be included as part of their curriculum. In order to aid an adult in the society, Dr. Malcolm believed that adult education should be able to enable the adults to develop a clear understanding of them through learning about their own needs and selves. Secondly, adults should cultivate a mindset of acceptance, love and respect towards others. This would help them to establish healthy relationships with others in the society. Adults should also possess an accepting attitude towards change. Adults should also figure out solutions to a general cause instead of fretting over the cause itself. This would help them to develop what he called an active and logical mind that would help them to make any situation and make it better. Adults should also have an understanding of the society and be proactive in instituting social change. This can be done by making every adult aware of the important issues such as political, economic, international affairs and the business aspects of life. Conclusion In conclusion, Dr. Malcolm Shepherd Knowles played a major role in the development and establishment of adult education. Despite the fact that he is no longer alive, his work, ideas and innovations still live on and inspire more strategies in adult learning. His efforts led to the development of the Theories of Andragogy and Self-Directed Learning (George, 2011). In addition to this, he was the first person to chart the rise and progress of the entire adult education movement which took center stage in the United States of America. This informed the process that led to the development of general theory and practice of informal adult education. Dr. Knowles remains to be a great inspiration to many academicians who have benefited from his ideas as well as the professionals in the field of adult education. References George, W. (2011). Malcolm Shepherd Knowles: A History of His Thought (Education in aCompetitive and Globalizing World). London: Nova Science . Malcolm, S. K. (1950). Informal Adult Education. Chicago: Association Press.

Mexico and its Importance to US Bilateral relations Essay

Mexico is an important asset to the United States, is shares 1,954 miles of border with the United States, and has become an important economic trading partner with the United States. Relations between these two nations are paramount, but we must address a list of issues that need answers, economic reform, homeland security, drug control, migration and even the environment. Every day over one million people cross the border legally, in 2012 two way trade totaled over $500 billion dollars. Mexico has remained one of the biggest tourist destinations for American travelers, and America major source of tourism for Mexico. Cooperation between these two nations is important, it is also important for the United States to help streamline diplomacy with Mexico. In 2010 the Executive Committee for 21st Century Border Management was created to help create advancements in creating a modern, secure and efficient border. This Committee was created to spur ideas on ways to help secure the border, as well as create a better way to manage the legal crossing taking place every day. The attacks September 1 1, 2001 led to the closing of many border crossing, putting a strain on the already verworked crossings, with the implementation of this program new ways are being explored on how we should run these border crossings as well as exploring the re- opening of certain closed crossing points. Cooperative activities between the U. S. and Mexico take place under a number of arrangements such as the U. S. -Mexico Border 2012/2020 Program the North American Development Bank and the Border Environment Cooperation Commission; the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation; the Border Health Commission. These agencies help cooperate with Mexico in regards to the serious environmental issues that have risen ue to population growth and industrialization. In 2008 we began the Merida Initiative seeking to cooperate with Mexico as well as other South American countries in an attempt to curb the growing trend of drug trafficking crimes. Mexico suggested that it was a shared problem because the majority of the money flowing into Mexico was from American drug users. Although as of 2012 congress has appropriated nearly 1. 9 billion dollars to the Merida Initiative. Beginning in 2010 the Merida Initiative took a four pillar approach to break down its attempts at disrupting the drug trafficking and violence problem. The first pillar aims to disrupt the capacity of organized crime to operate and the second pillar focuses on enhancing the capacity of Mexico’s government and institutions to sustain the rule of law. The Merida Initiative’s third pillar aims to improve border management to facilitate legitimate trade and movement of people while thwarting the flow of drugs, arms, and cash. Finally, the fourth pillar seeks to build strong and resilient communities. Despite the major advances we have made with mexico regarding trade and the furtherance of our partnership as nations, it must be noted the major issues we still ace. The Drug Cartels in mexico currently run a 20 plus billion dollar a year industry. important area of discussion is the immigration issues that have faced the united states from mexico as immigrants attempt to flee mexico for a variety of reasons. Mexico is also a major recipient of remittances, in 2012 the state department estimated over 22 billion dollars’ worth was sent from relatives living in America. Immigration has become a hot point in current affairs, it is time to analise some options for the future in regards to immigration and options regarding drug rafficking issues. In may of 2013 Obama announced the formation of a bilateral forum on higher education, innovation, and research. With this forum the United States and mexico will encourage typically underprivileged students to attend college and secondary schools providing them access to these schools as well as secondary training programs in STEM fields.. This forum is our first step towards making mexico an economic power as well as a place that can welcome advancing technology. Recommendations. Increasing the funding that is appropriated for the Merida Initiative, this funding hould be sent towards furthering the security checkpoints at Mexico’s borders. Updating x ray machines as well as non-invasive body scanners. Money should also be spent in an attempt to inform the Mexican community of the intentions to curb the trend of drug cartel control. The Merida initiative should focus primarily on the first pillar, of disrupting organized Criminal Groups. Scrapping all additional plans for continuing the fence on the American Mexican border. Rather Funds should be appropriated in designating a committee to explore further partnership with Mexico regarding immigration. America needs to accept that Mexican immigrants as a majority are good people looking for honest work. This should no longer be a crime, The process of obtaining a green card should be streamlined, making it accessible to anyone who seeks it out. This policy has to go hand in hand with near total elimination of drug violence. Mexico needs to be regarded as a safe place where both American and Mexican nationals can come and go across the border freely and without safety in question. Mexico should not be treated as a third world nation, we have the potential to help them become a eautiful place to visit. It Just requires some creative policy ideas to meet our goals. Drug Reform has not had much success, in part to the weak policies that have been implemented.

International Coastal Clean-up Reaction Paper Essays

International Coastal Clean-up Reaction Paper Essays International Coastal Clean-up Reaction Paper Essay International Coastal Clean-up Reaction Paper Essay International Coastal Clean-up Reaction Paper Ocean Conservancy’s International Coastal Cleanup is the world’s largest voluntary attempt for ocean’s wellness. Each twelvemonth. 1000s of voluntaries from around the Earth participate. uncluttering dozenss of rubbish from coastlines. rivers and lakes and entering every piece of rubbish collected. On a beautiful. hot. sunny and a small spot showery Saturday. we participated in the Annual International Coastal Cleanup at Freedom Island near the Manila-Cavite Expressway. It started at 8:00 am and was good organised. We brought our ain bags. baseball mitts and even sticks to catch the trash with. We patrolled the beach looking for litter and found chiefly little pieces like bottle tops. coffin nail butts. places. slippers. plastics and froths. It was saddening to see how much plastic you really find on a comparatively clean beach. I can non believe of a better topographic point to be than on the beach and took the autonomy of taking dips in the sea to chill off every now and so so it barely felt similar work at all and most of all. it felt good to be assisting out. We cleaned for a good two hours and at midday. we were offered drinks and participated in a group exposure for recollection and certification intents. We are all connected to the ocean. And we’re all responsible for the rubbish we leave behind. whether we mean to or non. We joined this planetary motion that is giving back to the ocean. spent merely one twenty-four hours of taking rubbish from our beaches and waterways. I can non believe of a better topographic point to be than on the beach and took the autonomy of taking dips in the sea to chill off every now and so so it barely felt similar work at all and most of all. it felt good to be assisting out. We cleaned for a good two hours and at midday. we were offered drinks and participated in a group exposure for recollection and certification intents. We are all connected to the ocean. And we’re all responsible for the rubbish we leave behind. whether we mean to or non. We joined this planetary motion that is giving back to the ocean. spent merely one twenty-four hours of taking rubbish from our beaches and waterways. I can non believe of a better topographic point to be than on the beach and took the autonomy of taking dips in the sea to chill off every now and so so it barely felt similar work at all and most of all. it felt good to be assisting out. We cleaned for a good two hours and at midday. we were offered drinks and participated in a group exposure for recollection and certification intents. We are all connected to the ocean. And we’re all responsible for the rubbish we leave behind. whether we mean to or non. We joined this planetary motion that is giving back to the ocean. spent merely one twenty-four hours of taking rubbish from our beaches and waterways. I can non believe of a better topographic point to be than on the beach and took the autonomy of taking dips in the sea to chill off every now and so so it barely felt similar work at all and most of all. it felt good to be assisting out. We cleaned for a good two hours and at midday. we were offered drinks and participated in a group exposure for recollection and certification intents. We are all connected to the ocean. And we’re all responsible for the rubbish we leave behind. whether we mean to or non. We joined this planetary motion that is giving back to the ocean. spent merely one twenty-four hours of taking rubbish from our beaches and waterways.

Using a Timer in MS Office VBA Macros

Using a Timer in MS Office VBA Macros For those of us who have our minds deeply into VB.NET, the journey back to VB6 can be a confusing trip. Using a Timer in VB6 is like that. At the same time, adding timed processes to your code is not obvious to new users of VBA Macros. Timers For Newbies Coding a Word VBA macro to automatically time a test that was written in Word is a typical reason for using a timer. Another common reason is to see just how much time is being taken by different parts of your code so you can work on optimizing the slow sections. Sometimes, you might want to see if anything is happening in the application when the computer seems to be just sitting there idle, which can be a security problem. Timers can do that. Start a Timer You start a timer by coding an OnTime statement. This statement is implemented in Word and Excel, but it has different syntax depending on which one youre using.  The syntax for Word is: expression.OnTime(When, Name, Tolerance) The syntax for Excel looks like this: expression.OnTime(EarliestTime, Procedure, LatestTime, Schedule) Both have the first and second parameter in common. The second parameter is the name of another macro that runs when the time in the first parameter is reached. In effect, coding this statement is like creating an event subroutine in VB6 or VB.NET terms. The event is reaching the time in the first parameter. The event subroutine is the second parameter. This is  different from the way it is coded in VB6 or VB.NET. For one thing, the macro named in the second parameter can be in any code that is accessible. In a Word document, Microsoft recommends putting it in the Normal document template. If you put it in another module, Microsoft recommends using the full path: Project.Module.Macro. The expression is usually the Application object. The Word and Excel documentation states that the third parameter can cancel the execution of the event macro in case a dialog or some other process prevents it from running within a certain time. In Excel, you can schedule a new time in case that happens. Code the Time Event Macro This code in Word is for the administrator who wants to display a notification that the testing time has expired and print the result of the test. Public Sub TestOnTime()Debug.Print The alarm will go off in 10 seconds!Debug.Print (Before OnTime: Now)alertTime Now TimeValue(00:00:10)Application.OnTime alertTime, EventMacroDebug.Print (After OnTime: Now)End SubSub EventMacro()Debug.Print (Executing Event Macro: Now)End Sub This results in the following content in the immediate window: The alarm will go off in 10 seconds!Before OnTime: 12/25/2000 7:41:23 PMAfter OnTime: 12/25/2000 7:41:23 PMExecuting Event Macro: 2/27/2010 7:41:33 PM Option for Other Office Apps Other Office applications dont implement OnTime. For those, you have several choices. First, you can use the Timer function, which simply returns the number of seconds since midnight on your PC, and does your own math, or you can use Windows API calls. Using Windows API calls has the advantage of being more precise than Timer. Heres a routine suggested by Microsoft that does the trick: Private Declare Function getFrequency Lib kernel32 _Alias QueryPerformanceFrequency (cyFrequency As Currency) As LongPrivate Declare Function getTickCount Lib kernel32 _Alias QueryPerformanceCounter (cyTickCount As Currency) As LongSub TestTimeAPICalls()Dim dTime As DoubledTime MicroTimerDim StartTime As SingleStartTime TimerFor i 1 To 10000000Dim j As Doublej Sqr(i)NextDebug.Print (MicroTimer Time taken was: MicroTimer - dTime)End SubFunction MicroTimer() As Double Returns seconds.Dim cyTicks1 As CurrencyStatic cyFrequency As CurrencyMicroTimer 0 Get frequency.If cyFrequency 0 Then getFrequency cyFrequency Get ticks.getTickCount cyTicks1 SecondsIf cyFrequency Then MicroTimer cyTicks1 / cyFrequencyEnd Function

Business Law- Law of Negligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Law- Law of Negligence - Essay Example Helen’s claim for her injuries and lost earnings against Metro plc. The issues in this case is whether Metro Plc owes Helen a duty of care for failing to secure the wood that passersby were supposed to use to cross over the holes they had dug. Furthermore, the other issue found in this case is to ascertain whether it was Metro Plc negligence, which led her to lose her earnings. The law applicable in this case is law of negligence; negligence is defined as the lack of use of reasonable care resulting into causing harm to the other person or property. Negligence occurs either when an individual does something that a reasonable person would not do or failing to do something that a reasonable man would. There are various precedents have been set over the years concerning the law of negligence. One of those precedents is good neighborship that was set in the case of Donoghue vs. Stevenson and another recent precedent, which is relevant to this case, is Caparo vs. Dickman (1990). Me tro Plc is liable for Helens’ injury since they could not have foreseen the accident. This is because they had already taken action into ensuring that the passersby would not suffer injury; however, their action did not prevent Helen from suffering personal injury. In Caparo vs. Dickman (1990), it was held that the principle of neighbourhood involved more than just a person who was in a contract with the defendant. In addition, there are three principles used to determine whether there is duty of care. The first principle is foreseeability of claimant being harmed, it is clear that the defendants had foreseen possible harm and had not taken enough action to ensure that passersby like Helen would not be at risk of harm. The other principle is the proximity between the defendant and the claimant. In this case, there is an aspect of neighbourhood between Helen and Metro plc since the defendants knew claimant and other passersby used the place. In Donoghue vs. Donoghue (1932), ju dge Atkin stated that a neighbour is not a person with whom one has physical closeness but one that is likely to be affected by the other person’s actions. The third principle of Caparo case states that a person can only be held to owe a duty of care if doing so is reasonable, fair and just. In the case of Helen vs. Metro plc, it was reasonable fair and just that the defendant ensured that the claimant and other passersby were not at risk. On the other claim of losing her earnings, Helen cannot blame Metro Plc this is because she spent more time in hospital because she was not served on arrival. Metro Plc could not have foreseen that she could have lost her earnings as a result, of their actions; therefore, they do not owe them a duty of care. In Spartan steel and Alloys Ltd V Martin & Co. Ltd (1873) it was held that economic loss can only be recoverable only if it results from physical damage that was caused by the defendant’s negligence (Harpwood, 2000). Helenâ€℠¢s claim against Hubble & Co. In this case, Helen is the claimant from Hubble & Co for negligence this is because she relied on the report that Hubble & Co prepared to buy more shares, and this led her into losing money since Bubble &Co’s report was wrong. The issues that arise from this case include whether Bubble &Co are liable since they were merely employees of Metro Plc the company that Helen owned shares. The law applicable in this case is pure economic loss negligence (Matthews, 2012).