Analysis of Pepsi Co in India

Analysis of Pepsi Co in India PepsiCo is the largest snack and non alcoholic beverage manufacturing company in the world. Its product range includes grain based snacks, carbonated and non- carbonated beverages and foods. It operates through four operating segments: Frito-Lay North America (FLNA), PepsiCo Beverages North America (PBNA), PepsiCo International (PI) and Quaker Foods North America (QFNA).It sells its products in 200 countries with major operations in the US, Canada, Mexico and the UK. It distributes its branded products through multi channels such as direct stores, broker warehouses, food service centers and vending machines. PepsiCo in India PepsiCo entered India in 1988 and concentrated on three focus areas soft drink, snack foods and food processing. PepsiCo got permit to import cola conecnterate and to sell soft drink under Pepsi label in Indian market and in return to export juice concenterate from Punjab. Main objective put forward was To promote the development and export of Indian made and agro based products and to foster the introduction and development of PepsiCo products in India. Pepsico entered in India in the form of joint venture with PAIC holding 36.11%, voltas 24%, PepsiCo holding 36.89%. ISSUES: PepsiCo was coupled with the punjab card. They made certain commitments to Indian cental government.PepsiCo specifically supported national priorities in area like export and agriculture. Some of the commitments are as follows: 1) the project will create employment for 50000 peope nationally, including 25000 jobs in Punjab alone. 2) 74% of total investment will be in food and agro processing. 25% will be in manufacturing of soft drinks. 3) PepsiCo will bring advanced technology in food processing and provide thrust by marketing Indian products abroad and giving them global market. 4) 50% of total production will be exported. 5) an agro research center will be established by PepsiCo with ICAR and PAU. 6) no foreign brand name will e used for domestic sales. 7)export import ratio will be 5:1. FAILED COMMITMENTS: Within few years pepsi was recorded as one of non compliance companies that did not fulfill the commitments it made to Indian government. The company nowhere met its obligations. On September 4,1991 george fernandes said that Pepsi co has failed to meet its commitments and the company became a challenge to the government. The failed commitments are as follows: 1)EMPLOYMENT COMMITMENT: Employment generated by PepsiCo 1990-91 1991-92 direct indirect direct Food processing 169 9903 170 Administration 117 432 179 Bottling 497 15115 560 Total 783 25450 909 Source: data taken from balance sheets of pepsi foods ltd. Pepsico by 1996 increased the employment figure to 2400 which was just 3% of the commitment made. Branch name commitment Pepsi committed not to use its brand name pepsi in india. During first year pepsi used Indian brand name Lehar pepsi bt with the introduction of new policy in 1991 pepsi immediately changed its drink name from lehar pepsi to pepsi. Export commitment: Pepsi commited that 50% total product will be exported but instead of exporting its own products it exported basmati rice, tea, leather products Agro research center: No agro research center was established. PepsiCo, Inc., SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses Strong Growth Prospects Efficient Use of Resources Expanding Operating Margin Declining Market Share in Sector Overdependence on Few Customers Geographical Concentration Opportunities Threats Huge Potential in the Emerging Markets Increasing Bottled Water Market Growing Organic Foods Market Highly Competitive Market Private Label Brands Gaining Momentum Global Economic Conditions PepsiCo, Inc. PepsiCo, Inc.- Financial and Strategic Analysis Review Reference Code: GDCPG35119FSA Page 2 PepsiCo, Inc. SWOT Analysis SWOT Analysis Overview PepsiCo, Inc. (PepsiCo) is one of the leading snack and beverage companies in the world. Dominant market position and diversified brand portfolio are its strengths. Further, the rising demand for bottled water and strategic acquisitions could ensure a strong future. However, poor profitability and overdependence on a few customers are areas of concern to the company. Highly competitive market and growing demand for private label products coupled with global economic slowdown could also impede the companys growth. PepsiCo, Inc. Strengths Strength Strong Growth Prospects The company was trading at a price/earnings (P/E) ratio of 16.16 at the end of fiscal year 2009. This was above the SP 500 companies average* of 9.2. A higher than SP 500 companies average P/E may indicate that the company may have high growth prospects which is reflected in its stocks premium pricing. Investors may be expecting higher earnings growth in the future compared to other companies in the SP 500 index. Strength Efficient Use of Resources The companys return on equity (ROE) was 35.4% for fiscal year 2009. This was above the SP 500 companies average* of 12.9%. A higher than SP 500 companies average* ROE may indicate that the company is efficiently using the shareholders money and that it is generating high returns for its shareholders compared to other companies in the SP 500 index. Strength Expanding Operating Margin The companys operating margin was 18.61% for the fiscal year 2009. This was above the SP 500 companies average* of 14.7%. A higher than SP 500 companies average* operating margin may indicate efficient cost management or a strong pricing strategy by the company. The companys operating profit was USD 8,044.00 million during the fiscal year 2009, an increase of 15.59% over 2008 while the net profit was USD 5,946.00 million, an increase of 15.64% over 2008. The operating margin has increased 252 basis points (bps) over 2008, which may indicate managements high focus on improving profitability. Strength Strong RD Activities PepsiCo has a strong RD arm that focuses on various activities, which could help the company in cost reduction and process improvement, quality assurance, process control, and system development. The company also places emphasis on developing new manufacturing methods, improving on the existing manufacturing processes, new product developing and improving the existing products. For the fiscal year 2008, the company spent USD 388 million on its RD initiatives, against USD 364 million in 2007. Thus, such a strong focus on RD activities provides the company with an edge over its competitors in generating higher operational performances. New product and technology innovations also strengthen the companys innovating capabilities and provide a source of future revenues for the company. Strength Diversified Brand Portfolio PepsiCo boasts of a broad brand portfolio in the beverages and snacks categories, which helps it cater to the diverse needs of its customer base. The top 18 brands of the company generate USD 1 billion or more each in annual retail sales. Some of the major brands offered by the company include Pepsi, Mountain Dew, Diet Pepsi, Gatorade, Tropicana Pure Premium, Aquafina water, Sierra Mist, Mug, Tropicana juice drinks, Propel, SoBe, Slice, Dole, Tropicana Twister and Tropicana Seasons Best. This diversified brand portfolio of the company provides it with the economic stability and an edge in attracting and retaining a diverse customer base. It also helps the company to mitigate the risks associated with overdependence on a particular brand or product category. Strength Dominant Market Position PepsiCo enjoys a leading market position that helps it attract and serve a diverse customer base. The company is one of the leading snack and beverage companies in the world. It is engaged in manufacturing, marketing and sale of a variety of salty, convenient, sweet and grain-based snacks, carbonated and non-carbonated beverages and foods. The company sells its products in more than 200 countries. It is the market leader in the US savory snacks market with a market share of about 39%. It is also the leader in the US liquid refreshment beverage category with a market share of 25%. Furthermore, the company occupied 52nd position in the Fortune 500 rankings in 2009. The Frito-Lay brand is the worlds leading manufacturer of snacks. This dominant market position helps the company diversify its risks associated with the cyclical nature of most of these markets and puts the company at an advantage over its rivals while expanding its product lines. PepsiCo, Inc. PepsiCo, Inc.- Financial and Strategic Analysis Review Reference Code: GDCPG35119FSA Page 3 PepsiCo, Inc. Weaknesses Weakness Declining Market Share in Sector The companys compound annual growth rate (CAGR) for revenue was 7.34% during 2005-2009. This was below the SP 500 companies average* of 11.1%. Further, the company reported revenue of USD 43,232.00 million during the fiscal year ended December 2009, a decrease of 0.04% from 2008. A lower than SP 500 companies average* revenue CAGR may indicate that the company has underperformed the average SP 500 companies growth and lost market share over the last four years. The companys underperformance could be attributed to a weak competitive position or inferior products and services offering or lack of innovative products and services. Weakness Overdependence on Few Customers Overdependence on a few customers has been a major area of concern to the company. A significant portion of the companys revenues are generated from few customers. For instance, in 2008, sales to Wal-Mart and Sams West, Inc. represented 12% of the companys net revenue. The top five retail customers represented about 32% of its 2008 North American net revenue, of which Wal-Mart (including Sams) accounted for about 18%. The loss of one or more of the top customers in any of these segments could have a material adverse effect on the results of these segments. Due to overdependence on a few customers, the company may not be able to find suitable alternatives to sell its products in time if any of these customers is unable to buy the products on terms favorable to the company. Weakness Geographical Concentration PepsiCos overdependence on the US market for its revenues exposes the company to various risks associated with geographical concentration. Though PepsiCo has operations in various geographic regions, a majority of its revenues still comes from the US. During the fiscal year 2008, the company generated 52% of its total revenue from the US region. Further, during the fiscal year 2009, PepsiCo generated over 71% of its revenues from North America. This dependence on the US could impact its operational and financial performance in the event of any economic, political or climatic change. It also could restrict its market share and growth opportunities. PepsiCo, Inc. Opportunities Opportunity Huge Potential in the Emerging Markets The company could benefit from the growing markets in the Asia Pacific region. According to the World Bank, the GDP growth rate of high income countries came down from 2.6% in 2007 to 0.4% in 2008. The economies of these countries are expected to have contracted by 3.3% in 2009. Despite the global economic slowdown, the emerging and developing economies recorded a GDP growth rate of 8.1%, 5.6% and 1.2% during 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Growth in the East Asia and Pacific region (especially China) as well as in South Asia (especially India) has been resilient. This was mainly due to the massive fiscal stimulus package in China and Indias skillful macroeconomic management. Chinas GDP grew at 9% in 2008 and 8.4% in 2009, while Indias grew at 6.1% and 6% respectively, during the period. The growing economy in these countries has generated new employment opportunities for the residents and has provided a boost to their earnings. Rise in disposable income has changed their buying behavior. Now more and more people are buying luxury and lifestyle goods unlike in the past when they used to confine their spending to basic necessities. Customers in the emerging countries are becoming more brand conscious and prefer to buy branded goods. With competition at its peak and markets getting saturated, the company can look out for new growth avenues in these regions. Opportunity Increasing Bottled Water Market The strong growth in the bottled water market is emerging as a major boon for the company. The global bottled water industry has been witnessing strong growth over the past few years, especially in the US. Bottled water is sold mostly in the industrialized countries where it costs between USD 500 and USD 1,000 per cubic meter, compared to USD 0.50 for municipal water in states such as California, US. With the strong profitability offered by the segment, many players have started foraying into the bottled water business. The demand for bottled water has also been on the rise in emerging countries. PepsiCos established presence in the bottled water segment, along with its strong brand image puts the company at a competitive edge over its rivals in attracting and retaining a loyal customer base. The strong distribution network also helps the company to cater to a geographically diverse customer base. Opportunity Growing Organic Foods Market The company has a significant opportunity to grow as the demand for organic food is set to rise by an average of 18% in the US by 2010, according to the Organic Trade Association (OTA). Rising Health consciousness in the US has made the organic foods segment one of the fastest growing segments in the food retailing industry. Though, the organic food segment represented a mere 2.8% of the US food and beverage market, the organic food market in the region generated USD 21.2 billion in 2007. According to a recent report from the OTA, the global demand for organic products has been growing at USD 5 billion a year. PepsiCo offers its all natural and organic product line under the Tropicana and Quaker brands in the US. The company can thus capitalize on its distribution network and organic food offerings to increase its market share and revenues. PepsiCo, Inc. PepsiCo, Inc.- Financial and Strategic Analysis Review Reference Code: GDCPG35119FSA Page 4 Opportunity Strategic Acquisitions Strategic acquisitions offer a strong growth opportunity for the company, especially while foraying into new markets or launching new products or services. The company has grown over the years by acquiring or merging with some of the major brands like Frito Lays, Quaker Oats, Gamesa and Sabritas. Further, in October 2009, the companys Pepsi Bottling Ventures, LLC signed a Letter of Intent to acquire the assets of Pepsi Cola Bottling Company of Conway-Myrtle Beach, Inc., the Pepsi-Cola franchise bottler based in Conway, South Carolina. Earlier, in August 2009, PepsiCo Inc. entered into definitive merger agreements with its two largest bottlers, The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. (PBG) and PepsiAmericas, Inc. (PAS). Under the agreement, PepsiCo will acquire all of the outstanding shares of common stock of these two bottlers. Currently, the company owns 33% and 43% of the outstanding shares of PBG and PAS respectively. During the same period, the company also announced an agreement to acquire Brazils largest coconut water company, Amacoco Nordeste Ltda. and Amacoco Sudeste Ltda. (Amacoco). Earlier, in April 2008, PepsiCo acquired the UK based vitamin water brand, V Water. These mergers and acquisitions offer a steady revenue source, apart from geographical expansion for the company. PepsiCo, Inc. Threats Threat Highly Competitive Market Growing competition could impact the business operations of the company. The company faces stiff competition from the various companies that are in the business of beverages, snack and food products. Key competitors include General Mills, Inc., Groupe Danone, Hershey Foods Corporation, Nestle S.A., Coca-Cola Company, The Procter Gamble Company, The Kraft Foods, Inc., National Beverage Corp., Jones Soda Co. and Kellogg Company. Apart from the established players in the developed countries, the players from emerging countries too are competing hard to garner maximum market share in their respective regions. If the company fails to maintain product quality and consumer loyalty, this intense competition could reduce the sales volume of the company, thereby hampering its market position. Threat Private Label Brands Gaining Momentum The growing demand for private label products has been a major area of concern to the company. According to a report by the Confederation of the Food and Drink Industries of the EU (CIAA), there is a shift in the consumer spending towards private label products. Also, it is observed that the private label products have reached as high as 48% in traditional retailers and 94% in discounters. In the UK, almost all the top 30 retailers witnessed an increase in the private label share in 2008. Private labels may become even more popular due to the current economic slowdown. Apart from low prices, the increasing quality of private label products has been driving away the sales of branded products. Thus PepsiCo faces a major challenge from these private label manufacturers in sustaining its growth. Threat Global Economic Conditions The company faces a major challenge in sustaining its revenue growth due to the slowdown in the global economy, especially the US. The banks have tightened their credit lending process thereby affecting the consumers shopping ability. Even the market volatility concerns have made them shop only for basic and essential goods, thereby creating a major challenge to the goods manufacturers whose sales have been on the decline. According to The World Bank, overall global GDP contracted by 2.2% in 2009, with 1.2% growth rate in the developing economies well below the 5.6% growth rate in 2008. In 2009, the GDP growth in the US weakened to -2.4% while in the Eurozone, GDP contracted more sharply by 3.9% from 0.5% in 2008. Further, the global output is expected to expand by 2.7% in 2010, and 3.2% in 2011 still below the 5% generated in 2007. Thus, adverse economic conditions could adversely affect the demand for the companys products, which poses a major challenge to the company in sustaining its revenue growth. Growth strategies Transforming its beverage portfolio PepsiCo sought to transform its beverage portfolio by increasing the health and wellness quotient of its products through RD. It has strengthened. its carbonated soft drinks (CSDs) segment, comprised of Pepsi, Diet Pepsi and Mountain Dew. In 2007, it launched Diet Pepsi Max in the US. It is a zero calorie energy drink and targets young men. It also introduced the high caffeine Mountain Dew Game Fuel in 2008, aimed at video gamers. PepsiCo has also introduced new carbonated juice drinks such as Izze, which is free of caffeine, refined sugars and artificial ingredients and is naturally sweetened with fruit juice. Izze fruit juices primarily targets carbonates customers who want alternatives to artificially sweetened soft drinks. Growth through partnerships PepsiCo concentrates on partnerships and joint ventures to expand its operations. In 2007, it extended the scope of its partnerships with Starbucks and Unilever on RTD beverages, and is expanding into other categories through acquisitions. In January 2008, it announced plans to acquire Penelopa nuts and seeds in Bulgaria, and in 2006, it purchased Duyvis nuts business. Also In 2006, the company entered the salted snacks business in New Zealand with the acquisition of Bluebird Foods, and expanded its snacks business in Brazil with the purchase of Lucky snacks.

Dickens’s other novels Essay

This passage shows how Joe is willing to inconvenience himself, and make himself look stupid, to protect what he has with Pip. The fact that the hat will never stay where Joe puts it highlights the precariousness of the relationship, and shows that try as he might, there are other forces, namely Pip’s expectations, working against him to ruin the relationship. â€Å"†¦ finally splashing it into the slop-basin, where I took the liberty of laying hands upon it. † (p183) The hat ending up in the slop basin is symbolic of how the relationship has broken down. And Pip finally picking it up and taking it away from Joe, is symbolic of Pip not wanting Joe to keep trying to save it. This incident is an example of how humour is combined with symbolism in Great Expectations to convey a serious message to the reader in a light-hearted, unsentimental manner. The effect of this is entertaining the reader whilst at the same time giving them deeper insight into the important relationships in the story. Dickens uses understatement to create humour in the opening of the book. When the convict says ‘Darn me if I couldn’t eat (Pip’s cheeks), Pip ‘earnestly expressed (his) hope that he wouldn’t. This creates humour because obviously Pip would be more adamant about not being eaten alive. This light-hearted portrayal of the situation diffuses the tension of a potentially terrifying moment, allowing the reader to feel less concerned for Pip, and therefore less afraid of the convict. This prepares us to like the convict later in the story. Wemmick, the dry lawyers clerk who leads a double life as the whimsical architect and smallholder at Walworth, provides a lot of the humour in the novel though his eccentric behaviour. He refers to his profoundly deaf father, as ‘the Aged’ there are several comic scenes in which Pip and Wemmick nod exaggeratedly at him as a means of communication. Wemmick, his Walworth home and his humorous ways are used to diffuse tension. For example, Wemmick’s rushed marriage to Miss Siffkins is sandwiched between the Magwitch’s capture and his trial. Dickens also uses irony to entertain and engage the reader, and point to some of themes of the novel. The first obvious example of irony is about Mrs Joe Gargery. She has taken her husbands names, and this is usually a symbol that a wife is her husband’s property. However, their relationship is completely the opposite, and he treats Joe as no more than a child. This reverts the typically stereotype that women are more weak-willed than men are. Satis house is also ironically named. It means enough, and is the root of the word satisfaction. However there can be no satisfaction there for Miss Havisham, Estella or Pip. Dickens uses the mists as a metaphor for Pip’s mind. When he is about to leave for London, he says, â€Å"the mists had all solemnly risen now and the world lay spread before me† (p152), it shows that in Pip’s mind, everything has been resolved, and he is on his way to where he belongs. There are many themes interlaced with the story. Firstly that of class and what makes a true ‘gentleman’. Pip associates being a ‘gentleman’ with having money. However through the characters in the story, Dickens shows that this is not true. Bentley Drummle is rich, yet has many undesirable characteristics. He is Pip’s nemesis. Herbert Pocket on the other hand is poor, but Pip admires and loves him. Miss Havisham also represents a paradox in Pip’s world of money = happiness. She is extremely rich; however, her money is the worst thing that happened to her. It is the reason Compeyson started a relationship with her and then broke her heart. Through the story, Pip learns that money is not the most important thing in the world, when he accepts the convict as his benefactor and friend. Another theme central to the novel is that of justice. Justice is always done. Joe behaves admirably throughout the novel, and Pip does not. In the end Joe is rewarded by winning Biddy. Estella mocks Pip for being common and breaks his heart. However, she marries Drummle who treats her badly, and in the end it is she, with a convict as a father, who is of the lowest class. Compeyson and Magwitch are both criminals, but Compeyson is by far the worse of the two. They both die, as penance for their crimes, but Compeyson’s death is horrific and painful, whereas Magwitch’s is a more dignified affair. Another theme is that pride and revenge are destructive. Miss Havisham sets out to destroy the male sex, but in the end only ruins the lives of two females, her and Estella. The historical context is another reason why Great Expectations is a great novel. Britain had just undergone an industrial revolution, which had widened the gap between the rich and urban dwelling poor. A similar situation in France had led to a political revolution. The British authorities were mindful of this and thus imposed a harsh regime – executions and transportations were commonplace. Dickens felt that this was wrong, so one of the ‘good’ characters in the story was executed to highlight this and the law that transported convicts were not allowed to return is one of the obstacles in the story. Dickens own family situation is also shown in the novel, which makes it not only entertaining, but also informative and reliable. His father was a criminal and Dickens spent some of his childhood living in a debtor’s prison. This gave him an unfavourable impression of the British justice system and this is shown in the novel when Pip first comes to London, and sees the gallows and the prison. Also, Jaggers is the main exponent of the law and he is cold and unforgiving. So in conclusion, Dickens combines complex characters, a wide range of underlying themes and many literary techniques with other things to create a successful novel. These wide ranges of techniques and devices help the play to engage the audience on many different levels, by stimulating them verbally, emotionally and intellectually. The novel also entertains and informs at the same time. Although, for analytical purposes, I have divided these things up, the reader responds to them as a whole and they all work together to make an impact. However, literature, by definition is an art. So although great Expectations is technically a good novel, due to the subjective nature of the literature, it is up the individual whether they enjoy it or not, and whether they prefer it to any of Dickens’s other novels.

Interview Essay Samples: the Ultimate Convenience!

Interview Essay Samples: the Ultimate Convenience! Such descriptions supply the readers with the chance to imagine the full picture of the interview. Then, it's better to make a decision as to what information is going to be explained in the essay and what parts ought to be omitted. Before starting to compose your essay, you must gather information to back up your opinion. Be reminded of the typical elements of an essay and be certain to apply it to your own work. The essay ought to be built on direct quotations from your subject in addition to factual observations and other informative specifics. Interview essay intends to present a particular view of an object, event or phenomenon, dependent on the answers of unique people. Writing an essay is an essential role in academe life. It's reasonable to suggest that writing interview essay shouldn't be problematic for the students who understand how to compose essays generally speaking. Sooner or later, you need to have a transcript of questions together with the draft. The thesis statement is an essential part of a great academic writing. Information in such paragraphs shouldn't be repeated and that is precisely why it is advisable to re-read the last version of the interview essay many times. It is not important whether you must prepare an interview essay to put in the target college or find work. Completing an essay dependent on the interview can be extremely different from other traditional varieties of writings. Sure, you're writing the paper since it's an assignment, and you should write it so as to pass your class. In the event the assignment is 200-250 words, you might not require extra body paragraphs. It is of the utmost importance to select a sample which not only shows off your skills, but also addresses what the interviewer is searching for. In addition, interviewers want to form direct questions that are easy to comprehend. If you're recording an interview, be certain you use all the answers since they are, with no changes. The interviews are usually conducted in an endeavor to expose the views of famous people which may impact the views of the masses. There's no ideal solution on how best to compose an effective essay. The word is a strong weapon! You are going to have the option of choosing whether you need to get identified or stay anonymous in the last profile. If you're using mobile phone, you can also utilize menu drawer from browser. You might wish to include information from an interview conducted by somebody else in your research. The interview is done to be able to learn an individual's opinion about a specific issue, event, etc.. Consider asking a person who you don't like to reply to your questions. The questions shouldn't be biased or inclined to a single aspect. My dad believes that if two gay men wish to devote the remainder of their lives together they ought to be in a position to. How to succeed on a work interview Some individuals believe interviewing is easy since they fit the employer's job description. There were many explanations for why his family moved here in the united states. A multi-disciplinary team is required for the managing of a patient's condition in order to enhance the standard of life.

The Tradition Of Attending College - 1999 Words

The tradition of attending college has changed over the past fifty years. Previously, college was provided to those privileged students who wanted to receive an education beyond high school. Today this still remains the case, but now most teenagers attend college to ensure and strengthen their future. In today’s society, a college degree does not even promise a successful job, but it still serves as a social norm. For some, college is not even an option due to their financial status, and for others, the â€Å"college life† does not seem to suit them. In my perspective, those who drop out, overstress, and become overwhelmed in college become this way because they were not fully prepared in their previous school years. High school simply does not†¦show more content†¦Huffington Post writes, â€Å"†¦four in 10 high school graduates are required to take remedial courses when they start college†¦and fail to earn their degrees within six years† (Kucz ynski-Brown). An article posted by The Wall Street Journal complements this argument by saying â€Å"The number of college students taking at least one remedial course rose to 2.7 million in the 2011-2012 academic year from 1.04 million in 1999-2000†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Mitchell). An article published by SAGE reported that â€Å"Of U.S. students in a 4-year colleges, 40% take at least one remedial course, an act associated with a higher likelihood of not completing a college degree. As more students take remediation, fail to be retained, and enter underprepared for credit-bearing courses, investigating college readiness is increasingly important† (Tierney). All of the following articles support the idea I propose. Looking at the amount of students taking remedial courses once they enter a post-secondary institution can show proof of the lack of preparation. Instead of building upon the knowledge they have already gained from high school, they now have to participate in remedial co urses that will refresh the basics. Students have dreams to go to college and unfortunately they are not prepared for what college has in store. High school and college. Two very close transitions with very little time in between them. High school does not become crucial until junior

A Mystery That s Never Been Solved - 935 Words

A Mystery that’s Never Been Solved Knowledge and existence are in interconnected relationship. One of most common questions asked by philosophers is â€Å"Do I exist?† To answer this question, â€Å"existence† can be examine linguistically, scientifically, and philosophically. Additionally, the consequent of existence can be the lead to its mystery. So, dose a person who lives in New Jersey exist to a person who lives in Tokyo? First, the neurological explanation of existence is correlated to the learning process. According to some neurologists, the mind is unable to create or imagine any visual or audible sensory without seeing, hearing, toughing, or tasting. Which are all related to the human’s senses. Whether these imagery are obtain by the conscious or the non-conscious mind, they are forms of knowledge.Thus, existence can be correlated to the human’s sense. Meaning, a person must activate one of his or her senses in order to create a neurological pathways, which are then modulated in the form of meaning.Therefor, existence is analytic way of knowledge. However, these forms of information are passive due to its relation to senses. For instance, if two people,fin and Jack, are walking in the opposite direction of each other and Jack is looking at fin. Then, for jack fin exist. On the other hand jack doesn’t exist for fin. A similar philosophic way was used by Descartes. He used the scientific method of analyzing his abilities and knowledge in relation to the existence of god. ForShow MoreRelatedThe Mysterious Death Of Mary Rogers And The Market Revolution1330 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Market Revolution â€Å"The Mysterious Death of Mary Rogers,† written by Amy Gilman Srebnick is about the unsolved mystery of Mary Rogers. Mary Rogers worked at a broadway tobacco shop. 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Let Gays Marry Free Essays

Let Gays Marry Andrew Sullivan â€Å"A state cannot deem a class of persons a stranger to its laws,† declared the Supreme Court last week. It was a monumental statement. Gay men and lesbians, the conservative court said, are no longer strangers in America. We will write a custom essay sample on Let Gays Marry or any similar topic only for you Order Now They are citizens, entitled, like everyone else, to equal protection—no special rights, but simple equality. For the first time in Supreme Court history, gay men and women were seen not as some powerful lobby trying to subvert America, but as the people we truly are—the sons and daughters of countless mothers and fathers, with all the weaknesses and strengths and hopes of everybody else. And what we seek is not some special place in America but merely to be a full and equal part of America, to give back to our society without being forced to lie or hide or live as second-class citizens. That is why marriage is so central to our hopes. People ask us why we want the right to marry, but the answer is obvious. It’s the same reason anyone wants the right to marry. At some point in our lives, some of us are lucky enough to meet the person we truly love. And we want to commit to that person in front of our family and country for the rest of our lives. It’s the most simple, the most natural, the most human instinct in the world. How could anyone seek to oppose that? Yes, at first blush, it seems like a radical proposal, but, when you think about it some more, it’s actually the opposite. Throughout American history, to be sure, marriage has been between a man and a woman, and in many ways our society is built upon that institution. But none of that need change in the slightest. After all, no one is seeking to take away anybody’s right to marry, and no one is seeking to force any church to change any doctrine in any way. Particular religious arguments against same-sex marriage are rightly debated within the churches and faiths themselves. That is not the issue here: there is a separation between church and state in this country. We are only asking that when the government gives out civil marriage licenses, those of us who are gay should be treated like anybody else. Of course, some argue that marriage is by definition between a man and a woman. But for centuries, marriage was by definition a contract in which the wife was her husband’s legal property. And we changed that. For centuries, marriage was by definition between two people of the same race. And we changed that. We changed these things because we recognized that human dignity is the same whether you are a man or a woman, black or white. And no one has any more of a choice to be gay than to be black or white or male or female. Some say that marriage is only about raising children, but we let childless heterosexual couples be married (Bob and Elizabeth Dole, Pat and Shelley Buchanan, for instance). Why should gay couples be treated differently? Others fear that there is no logical difference between allowing same-sex marriage and sanctioning polygamy and other horrors. But the issue of whether to sanction multiple spouses (gay or straight) is completely separate from whether, in the existing institution between two unrelated adults, the government should discriminate between its citizens. This is, in fact, if only Bill Bennett could see it, a deeply conservative cause. It seeks to change no one else’s rights or marriages in any way. It seeks merely to promote monogamy, fidelity and the disciplines of family life among people who have long been cast to the margins of society. And what could be a more conservative project than that? Why indeed would any conservative seek to oppose those very family values for gay people that he or she   supports for everybody else? Except, of course, to make gay men and lesbians strangers in their own country, to forbid them ever to come home. Andrew Sullivan, â€Å"Three’s a Crowd,† The New Republic (June 17, 1996). Reprinted by permission of The New Republic, (c) 1996, The New Republic, Inc. William Bennett, â€Å"Leave Marriage Alone. † From Newsweek 3 June 1996. (c) 1996,   Newsweek, Inc. All rights reserved. Reprinted by permission. Andrew Sullivan, â€Å"Let Gays Marry. † From Newsweek 3 June 1996. (c) 1996, Newsweek, Inc. All rights reserved. How to cite Let Gays Marry, Papers

Impact of Employee Attrition on Car Manufacturing-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Employee attrition on Production of Car Manufacturing Companies. Answer: Introduction This is a study, which depicts the impact of employee attrition on car manufacturing companies. The organization chosen for the study is Holden which is automobile manufacturing company in Australia. The company has its head quarter in Port Melbourne and is one of the subsidiaries for the United States giants named General Motors. Employee attrition has a significant role to play in the performance of the organization. Employee attrition can have positive impact on the performance of the organization. However, this study deals with the positive and the negative impact of the attrition on an organization. Holden is one of the top manufacturing companies in Australia and the effect of attrition on the employees can be determined in this study. Literature review There are various reasons which are attached to the attrition rate of the employees in an organization. The turnover classifications show the different types of classification schemes such as voluntary and involuntary. The voluntary attrition can be divided in to functional and dysfunctional attrition. The dysfunctional attrition can be divide in to avoidable and unavoidable attrition (Podsakoff et al., 2009). According to Ton Huckman, (2008), attrition is act of leaving an organization by an employee on its own choice or forcibly is known as attrition. Voluntary turnover is the act where an employee leaves the company on its own accord whereas involuntary turnover is the attrition when company forces an employee to leave the organization (Shaw, Gupta Delery, 2005). When high performers in an organization leave it is considered dysfunctional turnover whereas when low performers in an organization leaves it is known as functional turnover. When the organization can influence any envi ronment related to work is known as avoidable attrition where as when the organization does not have any control over the environment of the organization it is known as unavoidable attrition (Ongori, 2007). Voluntary turnover has been considered as the most critical component of the organization as it plays an important in bridging the gap between the micro behaviour and the macro strategies in an organization. Voluntary turnover can help in ensuring stability and at the same time connects the individual experiences on a regular basis to measure the factors of success in an organization. According to Meier Hicklin, (2007), leaving an organization for an employee is one of the toughest decisions as the employees will have to invest significant amount of time and energy to find a new job. Moreover, it is quite stressful for employee to leave their interpersonal bonding and the daily routines. Thus, the time intervention from an organization can prevent the voluntary attrition. There are various factors, which are attached to the attrition of the employees that can be external and internal. Organizational size, location, payment, industry, supervisory level, promotion and benefits (Zimmer man Darnold, 2009). The other factors that are related to the employee attrition are the integrative variables like job satisfaction, demographic variables and working conditions. The family related variables are the non-work related with the attrition of an employee. According to Park Shaw, (2013), organization should only focus on the voluntary turnover as it is in control of the organization. The employees who have high level of performance are the ones with lots of opportunities and can easily change jobs which is harmful for an organization as it disrupts the performance level. When an employee leaves a job then the company faces loss, the amount is twice the salary of any individual, and it may be even more depending on the industry of the organization. Whenever an employee leaves a job it disrupts the level of production in the manufacturing industry. The dynamics, operations and the overall performance of the employees cause a disruption and this increases the overall cost of production (O'Connell Kung, 2007). Thus, it can be seen that effect of attrition on the manufacturing industry is quite high as workforce is required for maintaining the continuous level of production. There have been lots of companies who have lost billions for high attrition rate. The amount of money they spent on the growth the employees have to gone to a waste. Moreover, they have to spent more amount of money for replacing the employees so this can be considered as wastage of resources (Heavey, HolwerdaHausknecht, 2013). Holden is facing similar problems with the high attrition rate in the company and their production rate is getting hampered due to the increase in the turnover of the employees. This study will make sure that the existing theories that have been established will be confirmed and some hidden facts which is specific to the organization will be released Research plan Main activities/ stages Week1 Week2 Week3 Week4 Week 5 Week 6 Topic Selection Data collection from secondary sources Framing layout of the research Literature review Formation of the research Plan Selection of the Appropriate Research Techniques Primary data collection Analysis Interpretation of Data Collection Conclusion of the Study Formation of Rough Draft Submission of Final Work Research methodology The study is demarcated with the assistance of the research methodology and lot of complications are tangled in the validation process. Research methodology deliverspath to the research paper and Positivism is castoff as the viewpoint of the research. The prevailing marketing concepts will be authenticated with the aid of Positivism and so this is the precise method for the research paper. There are evidences that are concealed and cannot be acknowledged easily, the exploration will help to recognise these veiled facts and formulate the possibility for applying descriptive study (Flick, 2015). The construction of the hypothesis will be executed with the assistance of the Positivism method. The hypothesis shall authenticate the prevailing theories that are valid to this perception. The method of the study will be deductive, the prevailing concepts and hypothesis testing can be done with the assistance of the deductive method. The deductive method is the apt approach, as it will aid to proof the theories. The critical analysis of the information has to be done with the assistance of the secondary data. The secondary data will entail of both qualitative and the quantitative data (Panneerselvam, 2014). The secondary data will be collected from various journals and research papers including the annual report of Holden. The data will show the effect of employee attrition on employees and will consist of various charts, graphs and figures. Figure 1 (Source: O'Connell Kung, 2007) Figure 2 (Source: Heavey, Holwerda Hausknecht, 2013) Figure 3 (Source: Ongori, 2007) Figure 4 (Source: Podsakoff et al., 2009) Recommendations The recommendation that can be drawn from this critical analysis is that the organization sin the manufacturing industry should focus on retention of employees. The workforce required for the manufacturing industry is huge and continuous attrition of employees hampers then production rate of the companies. The overall cost of production for any company increases with the increase in the attrition rate of the employees so the companies will have control the voluntary turnover and especially for those employees who have high level of performance. It is tough to find good employees in this industry and moreover, there are large number of employees who does not prefer working in the manufacturing sector. The human resource team will have to efficient so that they bring about changes in the workforce of the organization, the organization culture plays an important role in the motivation of the employees. The employees should be kept motivated so that they are happy and loyal to the organi zation. Thus, it can be concluded form the critical analysis of the topic that the existing theories suggest that employee attrition has a negative impact on the performance of an organization and especially for the manufacturing industry where the overall work is related to the workforce of the organization. Holden is very much effected due to the high level of attrition in the company and they need to identify the hidden causes which is causing the increase the attrition rate of the organization. Thus, the final conclusion that can be drawn from the study is that the employee has a negative impact on the performance of any organization and it is essential for organization to improve the work quality in an organization to improve the retention rate. References Flick, U. (2015).Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Heavey, A. L., Holwerda, J. A., Hausknecht, J. P. (2013). Causes and consequences of collective turnover: a meta-analytic review. Marais, H. C., Pienaar-Marais, M. (2016, June). Analysis of Research Methodology in Business and Management Studies as Reflected in the ECRM 2015 Proceedings. InEuropean Conference on Research Methodology for Business and Management Studies(p. 167). Academic Conferences International Limited. Meier, K. J., Hicklin, A. (2007). Employee turnover and organizational performance: Testing a hypothesis from classical public administration.Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory,18(4), 573-590. O'Connell, M., Kung, M. C. (2007). The Cost of Employee Turnover.Industrial Management,49(1). Ongori, H. (2007). A review of the literature on employee turnover. Panneerselvam, R. (2014).Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt.Ltd.. Park, T. Y., Shaw, J. D. (2013). Turnover rates and organizational performance: a meta-analysis. Podsakoff, N. P., Whiting, S. W., Podsakoff, P. M., Blume, B. D. (2009). Individual-and organizational-level consequences of organizational citizenship behaviors: A meta-analysis. Shaw, J. D., Gupta, N., Delery, J. E. (2005). Alternative conceptualizations of the relationship between voluntary turnover and organizational performance.Academy of management journal,48(1), 50-68. Ton, Z., Huckman, R. S. (2008). Managing the impact of employee turnover on performance: The role of process conformance.Organization Science,19(1), 56-68. Zimmerman, R. D., Darnold, T. C. (2009). The impact of job performance on employee turnover intentions and the voluntary turnover process: A meta-analysis and path model.Personnel Review,38(2), 142-158.